HISTORY OF THE AUTOMOBILE

 HISTORY OF THE AUTOMOBILE

1. In 1769, a french Engineer captain Nicholas Cugnot, built the first vehicle propelled by its own Power

2. It was a three wheeler, four-seater vehicle fitted with a steam engine. It attained a speed of about 2 ½ m.p.h. for 15 minutes

3. In1880 , German and French efforts developed an internal combustion engine vehicle, which was used to carry fruits. The present day automotive is the development of this vehicle.

4. In1885 Benz in Germany built a tricycle propelled by an internal combustion engine.

5. In 1885-86, Gottlieb Daimler patented an internal combustion engine in Germany and a year later it was running in a vehicle.

6. In 1895, ChArles E. Duryea and Elwood J.Haynes in America developed experimental automobiles. In this year, Panhard and levassor in France also developed a car which, with minor exception, incorporated the chief features of the automobile as we know it today.

7. In 1890-1895, the European designers were also active in the development of the automobile

8. In 1895 , the early Panhard in France had the engine placed in the front of a chassis, hooked up a sliding gear transmission ; and incorporated brake pedals , clutch and accelerator.

9. In 1990, the design of the automobile was so improved that it awakened the public to the fact that this new form of transportation was really practical for use.

10. In 1906, the production and sale of these vehicles becomes a business.

11. Before 1906, many of the great names around which the world's largest manufacturing industry was to be built in America had already begun to manufacture the automobile vehicles. Packard, Autocar, Oldsmobile,White ,Buick, Overland, Ford, Cadillac- all these names were on motors vehicles before 1905. Pierce-Arrow, Locomotive, Maxwell, Franklin and Peerless were also important in their time in the technical and commercial development of the motor vehicle.

12. In 1908, Ford started his model with an intial run of 20,000 vehicles, an output unheard at that time . This was the period when the designer’s chief objective was to make his vehicle run in mass production at the lowest possible price.

13. In 1920, there was a gradual change and refinement in automobile design. It was clear by that time the spark ignition gasoline engine was to be the power plant of the modern motor vehicle. Water cooled engines were almost universal. The sliding gear transmission had established itself as predominant. The poppet valve was used in a almost every engine design. Engines were in all located in the front of the chassis.

14. In this period, the major improvement were made in every car feature. The designer tried to produce a vehicle which will function at all times under all conditions and which will be comfortable to ride and easy to operate. Increased life of tyres, independent front wheel suspension, four wheel hydraulic brakes, high compression ratio, high power, use of new materials, hundreds of other changes have been made.

15. Conditions change gradually chassis and change reliability came to be normal expectancy. The car owners required greater riding comfort and easiness in operation.

16. In recent years, the passenger car chassis and construction has been forced to shape itself to predesigned bodies, while in the field of truck design body chassis problems now get simultaneous consideration to a greater extent than ever before. Fluid flywheel, free-wheeling , over riding, automatic transmission and many other newer features are in the today’s car. The diesel engine was invented only a few years after the spark-ignition engine. Cars had engines in the rear before they had them in the front.

17. The design development of recent years has provided the owner with cars that are safer, easier to drive, more reliable and comfortable. The car owner of yesterday had to know something about repairing his vehicle. The driver who once was happy to have his car run, now he wants to repair it. The old driver was glad to have an open body instead of a box to sit in. But today the driver likes closed body which protects him from accidents, Strom, rains , and sun. The modern trends have created now opportunity for the professional repairman to the owner of a car. It is interesting now to have knowledge of working of an automobile vehicle in the social life.

18. It is of the whole history of the development of automobile vehicle which emphasizes a knowledge of basic principles as the unifying link between the past, present and future.